MS is a demyelinating disease in which the immune system attacks the protective covering of nerve fibres.
✦ AI summary
Here's what these sources report on Multiple Sclerosis (MS):
- **Disease burden and trends**: MS is a neurodegenerative disorder whose burden (measured in disability-adjusted life years) has been increasing over time in the Americas, unlike some other neurological conditions that are declining [1].
- **Diagnosis**: A brain imaging feature called the "central vein sign" has been added to diagnostic criteria and, when used in a structured fast-track pathway, sped up diagnosis (about 83 days faster on average), avoided the need for lumbar punctures in some patients, and lowered costs compared to usual care [3].
- **Brain imaging research**: Advanced MRI techniques that measure myelin (the protective coating on nerve fibers) in specific brain pathways found that lower myelin-related measures in one nerve tract were linked to poorer performance on cognitive processing speed tests in people with MS [5].
- **Immune system findings**: A protein called HSP27, involved in cell stress responses, appears to play a protective (neuroprotective) role specifically in MS, in contrast to its more harmful, inflammation-promoting role in some other autoimmune diseases [2]. Separately, research into how the body
This is an AI-generated summary of the sources below — not medical advice. Always talk to a doctor or pharmacist about your own situation.
FatigueVision problemsNumbness or tinglingMuscle weaknessBalance difficultiesCognitive impairment
HSP27 in autoimmune diseases: Context-dependent regulation and clinical potential.
Heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) is a crucial member of the small heat shock protein family with a molecular weight of approximately 27 kDa, playing key roles in cellular stress response, protein homeostasis, and cell survival regulation. Recent studies have revealed that HSP27 plays a complex dual rol…
A Faster Way to Diagnose Multiple Sclerosis: The Central Vein Sign in Routine Clinical Practice.
The central vein sign (CVS) was included in 2024 McDonald criteria but remains underutilized in clinical practice. Implementation of CVS may reduce the requirement for lumbar punctures (LPs). At Nottingham, UK academic multiple sclerosis (MS) center, we implemented a fast-track (FT) pathway incorpor…
The burden of noncommunicable and injury-related nervous system disorders in the Americas, 1990-2023: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023.
Noncommunicable and injury-related nervous system disorders (NINSDs)-including cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, neurodevelopmental disorders, neuromuscular conditions, brain cancers, and traumatic brain injuries-are major contributors to morbidity, disability, and premature mortality…
Optic canal decompression in severe therapy refractory optic neuritis: a case report.
To describe a unique case of successful optic canal decompression in radiologically confirmed severe optic neuritis involving the optic canal. A 24-year-old woman experienced severe visual loss in the right eye due to retrobulbar optic neuritis (ON), as an initial symptom of multiple sclerosis. High…
Multi-compartment Myelin Streamline Decomposition reveals tract-specific and global brain network myelination in Multiple Sclerosis.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) disrupts white matter (WM) tract organization, affecting brain networks and neurological function. Current methods lack the capacity to directly quantify tract- and network specific myelin-sensitive measures with clinical outcomes. This cross-sectional study (122 MS patients,…
Kappa Free Light Chain for Diagnosis and Neurofilament Light Chain for Prognosis in Autoimmune Encephalitis.
Reliable biomarkers for autoimmune encephalitis (AE) are limited, and emerging CSF markers are not incorporated into current diagnostic criteria. Prognostic tools remain insufficient, highlighting the need for biomarkers that support both early diagnosis and assessment of disease severity and progno…
Neurofilament Light Chain (Nfl) Level in Serum as a Suitable In Vivo Biomaker for Axonal Damage in a Murine Viral Model of Multiple Sclerosis.
Neurofilament light chain (Nfl) is a protein of the cytoskeleton predominantly found in large calibre myelinated axons and a suitable in vivo biomarker for monitoring neurodegenerative processes. Axonal damage results in Nfl release into the cerebrospinal fluid and the blood stream. Axonal damage is…
Value of Annual MRI Monitoring in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis Treated With Ocrelizumab: A Number Needed to Scan Analysis.
Current guidelines recommend annual MRI scans during treatment with disease-modifying therapies, including ocrelizumab, in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) to monitor treatment effectiveness and safety. However, the low rate of radiologic disease activity during long-term ocrelizumab treatment…